Historical Timeline

• Greek Empire

  Years: 800 BC - 146 BC

  Flourished in Athens and surrounding areas.

• Macedonian Empire

  Years: 356 BC - 323 BC

  Expanded under Alexander the Great.

• Roman Empire

  Years: 27 BC - 476 AD

  Dominated the Mediterranean region.

• Byzantine Empire

  Years: 330 AD - 1453 AD

  Continued Roman traditions in the east.

• Islamic Caliphate

  Years: 622 AD - 1258 AD

  Spanned the Middle East and North Africa.

• Rightly Guided Caliphs

  Years: 632 AD - 661 AD

  Early Islamic leadership after Prophet Muhammad.

• Umayyad Dynasty

  Years: 661 AD - 750 AD

  Established Damascus as the capital.

• Abbasid Dynasty

  Years: 750 AD - 1258 AD

  Known for advancements in science and culture.

• Fatimid Caliphate

  Years: 909 AD - 1171 AD

  Centered in Cairo, Egypt.

• Seljuk Empire

  Years: 1037 AD - 1194 AD

  Spread Islamic culture and influence in Central Asia.

• Mongol Empire

  Years: 1206 AD - 1368 AD

  Largest contiguous empire in history.

• Ottoman Empire

  Years: 1299 AD - 1923 AD

  Controlled parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa.

• Mughal Empire

  Years: 1526 AD - 1857 AD

  Known for architectural achievements in India.

• Ethiopian Empire (Abyssinia)

  Years: 1270 AD - 1974 AD

  One of the oldest continuous monarchies.